Abstract
Power domination is a two-step observation process that is used to monitor
power networks and can be viewed as a combination of domination and zero
forcing. Given a graph $G$, a subset $S\subseteq V(G)$ that can observe all
vertices of $G$ using this process is known as a power dominating set of $G$,
and the power domination number of $G$, $\gamma_P(G)$, is the minimum number of
vertices in a power dominating set. We introduce a new partition on the
vertices of a graph to provide a lower bound for the power domination number.
We also consider the power domination number of the Cartesian product of two
graphs, $G \Box H$, and show certain graphs satisfy a Vizing-like bound with
regards to the power domination number. In particular, we prove that for any
two trees $T_1$ and $T_2$, $\gamma_P(T_1)\gamma_P(T_2) \leq \gamma_P(T_1 \Box
T_2)$.