Abstract
This chapter examines the Roman Catholic theological receptions of John Henry Newman, whose highly original writings frequently endured sharp criticism and misunderstanding in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, during the decades leading up to the Second Vatican Council (1962–5), Newman became a crucial resource for Catholic theologians associated with ‘la nouvelle théologie’ and ‘Transcendental Thomism’. These figures drew heavily on Newman’s works in their search for more satisfying treatments of urgent issues for modern Catholic theology, such as the development of doctrine, the relationship between faith and reason, and justification. In the contemporary setting, Newman’s subtle treatments of these important topics have enormous ongoing significance for Catholic theology.